When a machine starts analyzing and executing problems with human like intelligence then it is called as Artificial Intelligence (AI). This gives the machine an ability to rationalize a scenario, execute the same with precision, and speed resulting in an increased success rate.
Computers were created to simplify things for humans, but it is believed that a fully developed AI could replace humans in the future.
How was Artificial Intelligence developed?
In the Second World War, Germans used a secret code called ‘Enigma’ to communicate among them, and a British scientist Alan Tuuing cracked this code using a Bombie machine which deciphered the Enigma code and breached the German communication medium. Moreover, this is when Alan realized the mere power of machines imitating humans and how that can be used effectively in the future. In 1956, at the Dartmouth Conference an American computer scientist John McCarthy first coined the term ‘Artificial Intelligence’.
And finally in 1951, Artificial Intelligence got its avatar through a machine called ‘Ferranti Mark’ that had predefined algorithms to master checkers, and that’s how the first Artificial Intelligent machine became a reality.
Structure of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is composed of different components, each of them are vital for its functions and quality. The main components are Agents, Architecture of Agents, Actuator, Sensors, Agent Programs and Agent Functions. The Agent programs define the goals, while Agent functions facilitate the Agent in processing it.
However, the actuators and sensors help the Agents to interact, experiment, observer, record, understand, and improve the results. Agents study the environment, and finally improve the overall outcome of the Artifical Intelligence.
Types of Artificial Intelligence
There are three main type of Aritificial Intelligence,
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)– AI that is defined for every niche tasks automation and efficiency. Example: Gaming bots.
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)– AI that is pretty much equal to human capabilities, rational thinking, reasoning, and perception combined. Example: Siri, Cortana, Google Assistant and Alexa.
Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)– AI that will surpass all the human capabilities- creativity, problem-solving, speed, accuracy, reasoning, prediction and more. This is the type of AI humans are worried about, and will overpower humans. No such AI has been created yet.
What is the future of Artificial Intelligence?
According to Ray Kurzwell, ‘AI will not displace humans, but it will enhance us‘. (source: Futurism) In 2045, Kurzwell expects the first ASI will arrive. However, the transition from AGI to ASI will be very sneaky and swift, this is because the current market is already being filled with ANI, and AGI is beginning its era, so in next two decades these AI’s could co-exist, interact and enhance things to next level making ASI achievable.
